concept

Glutamine

Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid. Although normally synthesized in adequate amounts, endogenous glutamine production may be inadequate during periods of metabolic stress. Glutamine is crucial for many metabolic functions, including protein and glutathione synthesis, energy production, maintenance of optimal antioxidant status, and immune function. Glutamine regulates the expression of several genes and activates numerous proteins.94 l-Glutamine is an immunonutrient and the preferred substrate for energy production in enterocytes and lymphocytes. Glutamine influences production of some T-cell-derived cytokines and is important for optimal lymphocyte proliferation.95-97 Notably, lymphocytes are unable to produce glutamine. If glutamine stores are depleted by ongoing immunological demands, glutathione production will therefore be inadequate. Glutamine is an important nutritional supplement when metabolic stress renders endogenous synthesis inadequate.

Ref:
Tina M. St. John, Chapter 21 - Chronic Hepatitis, Editor(s): David Rakel, Integrative Medicine (Fourth Edition), Elsevier, 2018, Pages 198-210.e5, ISBN 9780323358682, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-35868-2.00021-9. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323358682000219)

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Added on Jun 23, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer
Edited on Sep 27, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer

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