concept

Theca cell

After the follicle achieves two layers of granulosa cells, another morphologically distinct layer of somatic cells, the theca, differentiates from ovarian stroma (seeFigs. 17.11, 17.12, and17.13).49 The cells making up the theca-interstitial compartment are heterogeneous in nature.67 Theca interna cells are responsible for producing the C19 steroids that diffuse into the neighboring granulosa cells and serve as substrates for estrogen production. Theca externa is the outermost layer of the follicle and is composed of fibroblasts, smooth muscle–like cells, and macrophages (seeFigs. 17.11 and17.12). The theca externa is thought to have an important function during ovulation. Cells that contribute to the theca differentiate from mesenchymal precursor cells present in the ovarian stroma, adjacent to developing follicles. Like preantral folliculogenesis, theca formation is gonadotropin independent. Theca precursor cells lack LH receptors, and the theca layer still forms in the ovaries of FSH-deficient mice.49 After a discernible theca interna layer has developed, theca cell C19 steroid production is regulated primarily by LH.

Ref:
Physiology and Pathology of the Female Reproductive Axis Serdar E. Bulun Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, Chapter 17, 574-641.e10

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Added on Sep 9, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer
Edited on Sep 9, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer

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