enzyme

COX-1 (Cyclooxygenase 1)

Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, which is the precursor of several molecules, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin, and thromboxanes. Cyclooxygenase (COX), also known as prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase, is the key enzyme required for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Two COX isoforms have been identified, COX-1 and COX-2. In many situations, the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (e.g., in gastric mucosa), whereas COX-2 is highly inducible (e.g., at sites of inflammation and cancer). Traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit both enzymes, and a new class of COX-2 selective inhibitors (COXIBs) preferentially inhibit the COX-2 enzyme. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of COX-1 and COX-2 in normal physiology and disease.

Ref:
Nobuyuki Ohike, Gunter Kloppel, Toshio Morohoshi, 9 - Immunohistochemical Detection of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Editor(s): M.A. Hayat, Handbook of Immunohistochemistry and in Situ Hybridization of Human Carcinomas, Academic Press, Volume 3, 2005, Pages 357-361, ISSN 1874-5784, ISBN 9780120884049, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1874-5784(05)80041-8. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1874578405800418) Turini ME, DuBois RN. Cyclooxygenase-2: a therapeutic target. Annu Rev Med. 2002;53:35-57. doi: 10.1146/annurev.med.53.082901.103952. PMID: 11818462.

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Added on Sep 10, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer
Edited on Jan 1, 2023 by Barbara Van De Keer

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