concept

Amygdala

The amygdala is a cluster of interconnected nuclei sitting immediately anterior to the hippocampus, with afferent and efferent projections to a wide distribution of cortical and subcortical structures. It is critical to fear learning and memory, and the systematic study of amygdala-dependent classical (Pavlovian) fear conditioning has produced much information regarding the mechanisms and circuitry.145,146 The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) also modulates the encoding and consolidation of memory in thehippocampus and elsewhere in response to emotion, arousal, and stress.256 The mechanism is dependent on noradrenergic projections terminating on both α and β receptors within the BLA,257 and can be triggered by systemic stress mediators—notably glucocorticoids258 and epinephrine.259 Amygdalo-hippocampal connectivity occurs via direct and indirect projections, and is dependent on theta oscillatory synchrony.181,260 The amygdala contains a number of rational targets for GABA-ergic anesthetic drugs.

Ref:
BOOK CHAPTER Consciousness, Memory, and Anesthesia George A. Mashour and Kane O. Pryor Miller's Anesthesia, 9, 250-266.e6

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Added on Sep 26, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer

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