process

Catecholamine degradation (oxidation)

Catecholamines are metabolized by multiple pathways involving oxidative deamination catalyzed by monoamine oxidase (MAO), O-methylation by catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) and conjugation by sulfotransferases or glucuronidases. Aldehyde reductase and aldehyde dehydrogenase are other enzymes that participate in sequence with MAO in the production of respective glycol and acid deaminated metabolites. Additionally, alcohol dehydrogenase contributes to formation of homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), the final end-products of catecholamine metabolism. This multiplicity of metabolic enzymes ensures redundancy in the mechanisms of catecholamine inactivation and also leads to a wide array of metabolites. The pathways of metabolism depend on compartmentalization of the catabolic enzymes among different cells and tissues. MAO is the sole metabolizing enzyme present in catecholaminergic neurons.

Ref:
Alan A. Bodton, Graeme Eisenhofer, Catecholamine Metabolism: From Molecular Understanding to Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment, Editor(s): David S. Goldstein, Graeme Eisenhofer, Richard McCarty, Advances in Pharmacology, Academic Press, Volume 42, 1997, Pages 273-292, ISSN 1054-3589, ISBN 9780120329434, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-3589(08)60746-2. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054358908607462)

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Added on Oct 22, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer

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