process

CSD (Cortical Spreading Depolarization)

There is accumulating evidence that cortical spreading depolarization is the electrophysiological correlate of the migraine aura. CSD is a slowly propagating wave of neuronal and glial depolarization accompanied by massive ion fluxes, spreading through the cortex, and that is followed by a long-lasting suppression of neuronal activity. It has been suggested that CSD also plays a critical role in headache initiation via parenchymal neuroinflammatory signaling, at least in patients with Migraine Aura. CSD is associated with opening of neuronal Pannexin1 mega channels causing caspase-1 activation with concomitant IL1-beta and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release, which initiates parenchymal inflammatory pathways via nuclear factor-kappa B translocation of the nucleus of astrocytes, with subsequent expression of inflammatory genes, such as cycylooxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase, in astrocytic processes that form the glia limitans, and the release of potassium and AA into the perivascular space. This cascade of events may provide the stimulus for sustained trigeminal nerve activation around meningeal vessels.

Ref:
Kursun O, Yemisci M, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Karatas H. Migraine and neuroinflammation: the inflammasome perspective. J Headache Pain. 2021 Jun 10;22(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s10194-021-01271-1. PMID: 34112082; PMCID: PMC8192049.

20 confidence points
0 comments
Added on Nov 17, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer

Join Ninatoka!!

NinatoKa's goal is to support you as a therapist in unravelling the illness pathway from symptoms to cause, and to help you detect potential interventions.

Go to Explore to start your discovery!

Go to Learn to scroll through newly added data.

Go to Contribute to contribute to the Ninatoka database.

You can rate content up or down and add comments if you agree or disagree.