concept

AgRP

Agouti-related protein (AgRP) is a neuropeptide released by NPY/AgRP neurons in the Arc of the hypothalamus. It plays a significant role in energy balance, in part through its inverse agonist action at anorectic melanocortin receptors 3 and 4. AgRP binds to MC3-R and MC4-R, antagonizing anorectic melanocortins such as α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that bind to MC3-R and MC4-R. Central administration of AgRP increases food intake potently and with long-lasting effects. Obese mice have increased levels of hypothalamic AgRP, and mice overexpressing AgRP are obese and hyperphagic. Like NPY, AgRP is downregulated by leptin and insulin, with increased leptin and insulin levels leading to decreased AgRP levels. Conversely, administration of the appetite-stimulating hormone ghrelin upregulates AgRP expression and induces Fos expression in NPY/AgRP neurons.

Ref:
J.B. Frihauf, E.P. Zorrilla, E.M. Fekete, Control of Food Intake, Editor(s): George F. Koob, Michel Le Moal, Richard F. Thompson, Encyclopedia of Behavioral Neuroscience, Academic Press, 2010, Pages 335-344, ISBN 9780080453965, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-045396-5.00164-0. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080453965001640)

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Added on Jan 9, 2023 by Barbara Van De Keer

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