concept

Hydroxylysine

Collagen is a major constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that confers fundamental mechanical properties to tissues. To allow proper folding in triple-helices and organization in quaternary super-structures, collagen molecules require essential post-translational modifications (PTMs), including hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues, and subsequent attachment of glycan moieties (galactose and glucose) to specific hydroxylysine residues on procollagen alpha chains. The resulting galactosyl-hydroxylysine (Gal-Hyl) and less abundant glucosyl-galactosyl-hydroxylysine (Glc-Gal-Hyl) are amongst the simplest glycosylation patterns found in nature and are essential for collagen and ECM homeostasis. These collagen PTMs depend on the activity of specialized glycosyltransferase enzymes.

Ref:
De Giorgi F, Fumagalli M, Scietti L, Forneris F. Collagen hydroxylysine glycosylation: non-conventional substrates for atypical glycosyltransferase enzymes. Biochem Soc Trans. 2021 Apr 30;49(2):855-866. doi: 10.1042/BST20200767. PMID: 33704379.

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Added on Apr 26, 2023 by Barbara Van De Keer

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