concept

Fructose

Fructose is an abundant monosaccharide in the human diet that the body needs to metabolize. It is present in honey, fruits, vegetables, and high-fructose corn syrup used during manufacturing beverages (soft drinks) and food. Their consumption results in a significant amount of added sugars entering the diet, approximately half of which is fructose. Sucrose (table sugar) converts to fructose and glucose by acid hydrolysis in the stomach, and sucrase-isomaltase cleavage in the small intestine. Transport and metabolism of fructose do not require insulin; only a few tissues such as the liver, intestine, kidney, adipose tissue, and muscle can metabolize it. Glucose and fructose have similar metabolic fates because most of the dietary fructose converts into glucose. The mechanism of fructose sensing helps to understand the metabolism and potential pathophysiological consequences of excessive sugar intake.

Ref:
Dholariya SJ, Orrick JA. Biochemistry, Fructose Metabolism. 2022 Oct 17. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan–. PMID: 35015453.

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Added on Feb 5, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer
Edited on Sep 14, 2023 by Barbara Van De Keer

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